According to the concept of species-area relationship

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the number of species in an area increases with the size of the area.

the value of Z lies in the range of 0.3 to 0.4, regardless of the taxonomic group or the region.

the relationship is for a rectangular hyperbola curve is described by the equation logS = logC + Z logA

the larger the area the greater the extinction rate.

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

German naturalist and geographer Alexander von Humboldt, after his studies in south american jungles, observed that within a specific region species richness is increased with increasing area, but only up to a limit. Exactly the relation between species richness and area for a wide variety of taxa (angiosperm plants, birds, bats, freshwater fishes) was found to be a rectangular hyperbola. On a log scale, the relationship between species and area is a straight line described by the equation: log S = log C + Z log A.

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