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Q.

Account for the following:
(a). Aromatic carboxylic acids do not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction.
b). pKa value of 4-nitrobenzoic acid is lower than that of benzoic acid.

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answer is 1.

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Detailed Solution

a) This is because the -COOH group is deactivating and the catalyst AlCl3 gets bonded to -COOH group.

b) -NO2 group is an electron withdrawing group owing to -I effect. So, it stabilizes the COO- ion and strengthens the acid in 4-nitrobenzoic acid. 

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