Alkaline earth metals exhibit $+ 2$ oxidation state in aqueous solution due to

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their low second ionization potential

their hydration energies being higher than second ionization potential

their hydration energy being less than second ionization potential

small size of metal atoms

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

The alkaline earth metals are the elements of group 2 in the modern periodic table. General electronic configuration of group 2 elements are ${ns}^{2}$ , s-orbit of alkaline earth metal elements are completely full. They tend to lose two electrons to form cation with charge of $+ 2$ . Alkaline earth metals exhibit +2 oxidation state in aqueous solution due to their hydration energies being higher than second ionization potential.

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