Among the following four compounds,
(i) phenol
(ii) m-methyl phenol
(iii)m-nitrophenol
(iv) p-nitrophenol
the acidity order is__________

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(iv) > (iii) > (i) > (ii)

(iii) > (iv) > (i) > (ii)

(i) > (iv) > (iii) > (ii)

(ii) > (i) > (iii) > (iv)

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Electron releasing groups (-CH₃) will increase the density of electrons on oxygen atom, which leads to destabilization of phenoxide ion. Electron withdrawing groups at o- and p- positions (-NO₂) will stabilize the phenoxide ion by dispersing the negative charge. The nitro group on ortho position stabilizes the phenoxide ion to a greater extent as compared intro group at meta position. Hence, the acidity order for given compounds is, m-methyl phenol < phenol < m-nitrophenol < p-nitrophenol.

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