An adiabatic process occurs at constant
(A) Temperature
(B) Pressure
(C) Heat
(D) Temperature and pressure

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Detailed Solution

An adiabatic process is one in which no heat is exchanged between the system and surroundings: Q = 0 (during expansion or compression). It may be reversible or irreversible.

Conditions that Favor Adiabatic Behavior

Excellent insulation to prevent heat flow.
Very rapid process so there’s no time for heat transfer.

First Law & Work–Energy Relation

First law (sign convention: W is work done by the system):

ΔU = Q − W.

For an adiabatic process,

Q = 0 ⇒ ΔU = −W.

Hence, any work done is at the expense of the system’s internal energy: adiabatic expansion typically lowers temperature, while adiabatic compression raises it.

In an adiabatic process, it’s not “total heat” that remains constant—rather, the heat exchange is zero throughout the process.

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