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Q.

An electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field. The dipole, when its axis is inclined to field direction at 30°, experiences a torque 0.2 N-m. If potential energy of the dipole, when its axis is opposite to field direction, is 0 J, its potential energy, when its axis is along the field, will be :

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a

zero

b

-0.8J

c

0.4 J

d

-0.4J

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

τ=pE sin 30o=0.2⇒pE=0.4

Let U = -p→.E→+k where k = constant

If θ=180o then U = 0 so k = - pE

If θ=0o then U = -pE + k = - 2 pE = - 0.8 J

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An electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field. The dipole, when its axis is inclined to field direction at 30°, experiences a torque 0.2 N-m. If potential energy of the dipole, when its axis is opposite to field direction, is 0 J, its potential energy, when its axis is along the field, will be :