Q.

An electron of mass m in the ground state of hydrogen atoms is revolving in a circular orbit of radius R. The atom is place in a uniform magnetic induction B, such that the magnetic moment μ of the atom makes 5 times the angle with B as that the angular momentum L of the electron with the external magnetic induction B. Torque experienced by the orbiting electron is

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a

heBπm

b

2heBπm

c

heB8πm

d

heB4πm

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

If angle of L with B is assumed  θ, angle between  μ and B will be 5 θ
As L and μ are opposite, therefore 
θ+5 θ=1800 
      θ=300       .....(i) 
Gyromagnetic ratio of a current carrying loop or atom is given by μL=q2m
  μ=q2m×L

So, for electron in first orbit of Bohr’s atom
 μ=e2m×h2π=eh4πm     .......(ii)
As, magnetic torque is given by  τ=μBsinθ=eh4πmBsin300
[Using Eqs. (i) and (ii)]
=ehB8πm

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