An ideal gas undergoes isothermal expansion from the volume V1 to V2 against a constant external pressure. It is then subjected to isothermal reversible compression till it attains its original state. For the entire cyclic process, which of the follows facts hold good?

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$Δ U = 0$ and $w < 0$

$Δ U > 0$ and $w > 0$

$Δ U = 0$ and $w = 0$

$Δ U = 0$ and $w > 0$

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

$Δ U = 0$ as the internal energy is a state function. Since more work is done on the system during compression as compared to the magnitude of work done by the system during expansion, $w = w_{\exp} + w_{comp} > 0$

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