Q.

As shown schematically in the figure, two vessels contain water solutions (at temperature š‘‡) of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) of different concentrations š‘›1 and š‘›2 (š‘›1 > š‘›2) molecules per unit volume with Ī”n=n1āˆ’n2≪n1 . . When they are connected by a tube of small length ā„“ and cross-sectional area S, KMnO4 starts to diffuse from the left to the right vessel through the tube. Consider the collection of molecules to behave as dilute ideal gases and the difference in their partial pressure in the two vessels causing the diffusion. The speed v of the molecules is limited by the viscous force āˆ’βv on each molecule, where Ī² is a constant. Neglecting all terms of the order (Ī”n)2, which of the following is/are correct? (š‘˜šµ is the Boltzmann constant)-

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a

rate of molecules getting transferred through the tube does not change with time

b

total number of molecules going across the tube per sec is Ī”nā„“kBTβS

c

 force balance implies n1βvā„“=Ī”nkBT

d

the force causing the molecules to move across the tube is Ī”nkBTS

answer is A, B, C.

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Detailed Solution

PV=NkBT⇒P=NVkBT=nkBT

n1>>n1āˆ’n2=Ī”n F=P1-P2S=n1āˆ’n2kBTS=Ī”nkBTSOption (A) is correct.

Viscous Force = Total number of molecules Ć—βv=n1lSβv

If viscous force is balanced by pressure force, then 

Ī”nkBTS=ā„“n1Sβv⇒n1βvā„“=Ī”nkBT    Option (B) is correct.

 Total number of molecules per sec=n1vdtSdt=n1vS=Ī”nkBTvSβvā„“=Ī”nā„“kBTβS

Option (C) is correct.

As āˆ†n will decrease with time therefore rate of molecules getting transfer decreases with time.

Option (D) is incorrect.

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As shown schematically in the figure, two vessels contain water solutions (at temperature š‘‡) of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) of different concentrations š‘›1 and š‘›2 (š‘›1 > š‘›2) molecules per unit volume withĀ Ī”n=n1āˆ’n2≪n1Ā .Ā . When they are connected by a tube of small lengthĀ ā„“Ā and cross-sectional area S, KMnO4 starts to diffuse from the left to the right vessel through the tube. Consider the collection of molecules to behave as dilute ideal gases and the difference in their partial pressure in the two vessels causing the diffusion. The speed v of the molecules is limited by the viscous forceĀ āˆ’Ī²vĀ on each molecule, where β is a constant. Neglecting all terms of the orderĀ (Ī”n)2, which of the following is/are correct? (š‘˜šµ is the Boltzmann constant)-