Assertion (A): In the French society of estates, peasants made up about 40% of the population.

Reason (R): Only a small number of them owned the land they cultivated.

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Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A)

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, But Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A)

Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

The French peasants owned minimal land and comprised around 90 percent of the total population. French society had a unique feature in its feudal system called the society of estates, dating back to the middle ages. The landlords roughly owned 60 percent of the land cultivated. Only the members of the first two estates, clergy, and nobility enjoyed certain privileges by birth and were exempted from paying the tax. The other wealthier members were part of the third estate. Hence, the assertion is false, but the reason is true.

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