Assertion (A): Proper discharge and disposal of industrial waste can reduce land degradation in suburban areas.

Reason (R): In the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation is responsible for land degradation.

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Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(A) is correct but (R) is wrong.

(A) is wrong but (R) is correct.

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Land degradation refers to the decrease in soil fertility due to various reasons. It makes the land unproductive and has the potential to lead to famine. Soil erosion leads to the top soil getting carried away by different agents making the soil less fertile. These are the main reasons for land degradation in suburban areas. Proper discharge and disposal of wastes could also be a reason for declining soil quality in industrial areas.
The reasons for land degradation are excessive fertiliser use, overgrazing, deforestation leading to soil erosion and landslides, and salinity. Over irrigation could lead to waterlogging, which is not ideal for many crops. In states like Punjab and Haryana, waterlogging causes land degradation. Therefore, (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.

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