Assertion (A): The Liberals in 18th/19th century Europe wanted to safeguard the rights of individuals against the government.

Reason (R): They wanted a nation in which the government was based on the majority of a country’s population.

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Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(A) is true, but (R) is false

(A) is false, but (R) is true

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

John Locke and Montesquieu formed the ideology of Liberalism in the late 18th century. Their ideology supported equality, freedom, human rights, and democracy. Moreover, it spread rapidly in France after the French Revolution of 1789. As a result, classical liberals in the 1800s demanded equal rights, liberty, and individualism.
According to the liberals, all the criteria, like a free market, minimum interference from the government, and political and economic freedom, were essential. Notable liberals praised for their work include John Locke, David Ricardo, Jean Say, and Thomas Malthus. They also supported secularism, the rule of law, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, etc. However, they did not advocate for a government based on the majority of a country’s population.
Hence the Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.

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