Assertion (A) : The lower horizon of the arid soil is occupied by kankar.

Reason (R) : It is because of the increasing calcium content downwards in arid soil.

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Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(A) is true, but (R) is false

(A) is false, but (R) is true

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Kankar occupies the lower strata of the arid soil as the calcium level increases. Arid soil is rich in calcium carbonates, gypsum, and sodium. As the water evaporates, the salt content of the soil increases. Because of rising temperatures and dry weather, the soil lacks moisture and humus, rendering it infertile. This makes it less ideal for cultivating key crops such as paddy, wheat, etc. On the other hand, the existence of the kankar layer in its lower layers prevents water infiltration, increasing the soil moisture content optimal for plant growth. The dry soil's Kankar layer is rich in calcium carbonate and sodium chloride. Thus both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

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