Assertion (A): The merchants supplied money to the peasants in the countryside in the 18th century in England.

Reason (R): By late 18th century, there were numerous factories dotting the landscape of England.

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Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(A) is true, but (R) is false

(A) is false, but (R) is true

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Through the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the merchants that resided and manufactured goods in the town were slowly moving to the countryside. These rich merchants provided finance to the peasants and craftspeople from the countryside and convinced them to produce goods for a much larger international market. With the expansion of global trade, demands for goods increased, which the merchants could not satisfy from the towns. One of the earliest factories seen in England was constructed in the 1730s. However, it wasn't until the late 18th century that factories actually started to increase in number. The textile sector was the first to be industrialised.
Thus, both the Assertion and Reason are True. But the Reason is not the correct explanation for the Assertion.

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