Assertion (A): The most dynamic industries in Britain were cotton and metals.
Reason (B): By 1873, Britain was exporting iron and steel worth about $77 million, double the value of its cotton export.

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Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.

(A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
In the 19th century, Britain's textile industry was going well, and there was a rapid increase in the production of textiles in Britain because they started to import raw materials for cotton textiles from America due to abundant raw cotton materials and more cotton plants.
Hence, Britain started exporting cotton at double the rate compared to the iron and steel industries at that time. As a result, the worth of iron and steel exported by Britain was about $77 million.

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