Assertion (A) : The period of industrialisation before the first factories came up in Europe is termed as proto-industrialisation.

Reason (R) : This system was usually controlled by merchants and traders.

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Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(A) is true, but (R) is false

(A) is false, but (R) is true

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Large-scale industrial production happened in England before industries and factories began. This phase is known as proto-industrialisation. This system was usually controlled by merchants and traders. The proto-industrial system was a commercial exchange network. The income from this production system supplemented peasants' income from cultivation. A clothier merchant would buy wool from a wool stapler in England and supply it to the spinners. Then the threads were produced to go through different stages before becoming the finished products. Then the finished product was taken to London, the finishing centre. In this proto-industrialisation system, a vast number of goods were produced by a vast number of producers working within the family or small groups and communities.
Thus, both the Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.

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