Assertion : Rho factor is involved in termination of transcription
Reason : Sigma factor alters the specificity of RNA polymerase to initiate the transcription

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Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

A is correct but R is incorrect

R is correct but A is incorrect

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

The assertion is true. Rho factor, also known as ρ-factor or Rho-dependent termination factor, is indeed involved in the termination of transcription in prokaryotes. It acts by recognizing specific sequences in the mRNA transcript and causing RNA polymerase to dissociate from the DNA template, thereby terminating transcription.

The reason is also true. Sigma factor plays a crucial role in initiating transcription in prokaryotes. It associates with RNA polymerase to form the holoenzyme, which recognizes and binds to specific promoter sequences on the DNA. By doing so, the sigma factor indeed alters the specificity of RNA polymerase, allowing it to recognize and initiate transcription at specific sites on the DNA.

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