Assertion: The microscopic domain of physics deals with the constitution and structure of matter at the minute scales of atoms and nuclei.
Reason: Classical physics is adequate to deal with the microscopic domain of physics.

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If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

If both assertion and reason are true and reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

If the assertion is true but the reason is false.

If both assertion and reason are false.

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Concept: In classical physics, the locations, forces, velocities, momentum, and energy of the particles or substances are known. We work with small particles like electrons, protons, and neutrons.
Kinematics and dynamics are the two basic divisions of classical physics. While dynamics deals with knowing the forces acting on the body and the specifics of the motion, kinematics discusses a body's motion by knowing its location and velocities in general. The size of the particles we deal with decreases as we approach the atomic level. Due to their small size, we are only able to detect the presence of these particles. To understand the nature of the atom, which is the fundamental building block of an element, and its components, numerous hypotheses have been developed. At those scales, a very fundamental uncertainty concept is profoundly ingrained.A particle like an electron can't have its position and momentum precisely calculated. As a result, these particles differ significantly from macroscopic particles, such as those we deal with in classical physics. Because classical mechanics allows us to precisely establish a particle's position and momentum at the same time, the laws of classical physics cannot be applied to subatomic particles.
As a result, while the claim that the microscopic realm of physics deals with the composition and structure of matter is true, the explanation is false.
Hence, the correct option is 3.

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