Assertion: Transition metal ion forming octahedral complexes undergo $S p^{3} d^{2}$ or $d^{2} S p^{3}$ hybridization
Reason: Strong field ligands force the unpaired electrons of central metal ion to pair up causing $d^{2} S p^{3}$ hybridization where as weak field ligands do not affect electronic configuration of the metal ion undergoes in $S p^{3} d^{2}$ hybridization.

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If both assertion and reason are true but reason is correct explanation of assertion

If assertion is true but reason is false.

If assertion is false but the reason is true.

It both assertion and reason are true but reason not correct explanation of assertion

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Transition metal ion forming octahedral complexes undergo $S p^{3} d^{2}$ or $d^{2} S p^{3}$ hybridization.
Strong field ligands force the unpaired electrons of central metal ion to pair up causing $d^{2} S p^{3}$ hybridization where as weak field ligands do not affect electronic configuration of the metal ion undergoes in $S p^{3} d^{2}$ hybridization.