Assertion: Transition metal ion forming octahedral complexes undergo $S p^{3} d^{2}$ or $d^{2} S p^{3}$ hybridization
Reason: Strong field ligands force the unpaired electrons of central metal ion to pair up causing $d^{2} S p^{3}$ hybridization where as weak field ligands do not affect electronic configuration of the metal ion undergoes in $S p^{3} d^{2}$ hybridization.

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If both assertion and reason are true but reason is correct explanation of assertion

If assertion is true but reason is false.

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It both assertion and reason are true but reason not correct explanation of assertion

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Transition metal ion forming octahedral complexes undergo $S p^{3} d^{2}$ or $d^{2} S p^{3}$ hybridization.
Strong field ligands force the unpaired electrons of central metal ion to pair up causing $d^{2} S p^{3}$ hybridization where as weak field ligands do not affect electronic configuration of the metal ion undergoes in $S p^{3} d^{2}$ hybridization.