Assertion(A): The 17th century was an era of proto-industrialisation.

Reason(R): The first cotton mill was established in India in Bombay in 1854.

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Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

(A) is true but (R) is false

(A) is false but (R) is true

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Proto-industrialisation refers to the phase of industrialisation that was not based on the factory system in the 17th and 18th centuries. Before the entrance of factories, there was large-scale industrial output for the international market. However, the output rate was not similar to that seen during the Industrial Revolution. Therefore, this period in industrial history is known as proto-industrialisation.
In Bombay, the first cotton mill was built in 1854. Bombay Spinning and Weaving Company was the first cotton mill which was established in July 1854.
Thus, both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

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