Q.

Balance the equation: HNO3+Ca(OH)2Ca(NO3)2+H2O 

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a

4HNO3+Ca(OH)2Ca(NO3)2+2H2O 

b

2HNO3+Ca(OH)2Ca(NO3)2+2H2O 

c

2HNO3+Ca2(OH)2Ca(NO3)2+2H2O 

d

2HNO3+Ca(OH)2Ca(NO3)2+4H2O 

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

A chemical reaction must have an equal quantity of each element on the reactant side and product side in order for it to be balanced. A chemical equation must be balanced in order to guarantee the application of the law of conservation of matter.

The number of components on the left-hand side (lhs) must match the number of elements on the right-hand side in order for a particular response to be balanced (rhs).
Think about the following chemical equation:

HNO3+Ca(OH)2CaNO32+H2O

Consider the number of moles of each element on both reactant and product side:
On the LHS (no of moles of each element):
H−3
N−1
Ca−1
O−5
On the RHS (no of moles of each element):
H−2
N−2
Ca−1
O−7

We must balance it since the number of oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen moles on the LHS and RHS are not equal.
Let's first create the HNO3-2 coefficient by balancing the number of nitrogen moles. The equation will then be:

2HNO3+Ca(OH)2CaNO32+H2O

On the LHS (no of moles of each element):
H−4
N−2
Ca−1
O−8
On the RHS (no of moles of each element):
H−2
N−2
Ca−1
O−7
Now let’s balance the number of moles of H on the LHS and RHS.

Make the H2O−2 coefficient to bring their numbers into balance. The equation will then be:

2HNO3+Ca(OH)2CaNO32+2H2O

On the LHS (no of moles of each element):

On the LHS (no of moles of each element):
H−4
N−2
Ca−1
O−8
On the RHS (no of moles of each element):
H−4
N−2
Ca−1
O−8
Now the number of moles of each element on both sides has been equal and we got the balance chemical equation as:

2HNO3+Ca(OH)2CaNO32+2H2O

Hence, option B is correct.

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