Based on the following information, answer the questions given below:
Insulin used for diabetes was earlier extracted from pancreas of slaughtered cattle and pigs. Later, In 1983, Eli Lilly an American company prepared Humulin by r DNA technology. Insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains: chain A and chain B, that are linked together by disulphide bridges. In mammals, including humans, insulin is synthesised as a pro-hormone. The pro-hormone also needs to be processed before it becomes a fully mature and functional hormone.
Question:
Pro-insulin differs from insulin in which of the following aspects?

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It does not possess disulphide bridges.

It does not possess chain A and chain B.

It possesses phosphor diester bonds.

It possesses an additional C chain.

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Pro-insulin contains an extra stretch called the C chain. This C peptide is not present in the mature insulin and is removed during maturation into insulin. Insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains: chain A and chain B, that are linked together by disulphide bridges.

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