Benzene on nitration gives nitrobenzene in presence of ${HNO}_{3}$ and $H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ mixture, where

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Both $H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ and ${HNO}_{3}$ act as a bases.

Both $H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ and ${HNO}_{3}$ act as an acids.

${HNO}_{3}$ acts as an acid, $H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ acts as a base.

${HNO}_{3}$ acts as a base, $H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ acts as an acid.

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

${HNO}_{3} + 2 H_{2} {SO}_{4} ⇌ 2 {[{HSO}_{4}]}^{-} + H_{3} O^{+} + {NO}_{2}^{+}$

${HNO}_{3}$ acts as a base. It reacts with $H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ to form electrophile( ${NO}_{2}^{+}$ )

Benzene $\overset{conc . [{HNO}_{3}]}{\to} Conc . H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ Nitro benzene

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