Q.

Both oxygen and sulphur exist as diatomic molecules  O2 & S2 in gaseous state but at room temperature oxygen remains as diatomic molecule while sulphur converts into S8 rings. This is because

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a

OO  single bonds are weaker due to repulsion of non–bonding electron pairs on small oxygen atoms

b

Paramagnetic  S2 molecules convert into diamagnetic,  S8 molecular rings and give stability.

c

When 4 Sulphur gaseous  S2 molecules converts into solid S8 molecules energy is released due to conversion of 4 weak  SSπ bond to 4 extra strong  σ bonds and get stability.

d

Due to conversion into  S8 rings molecular size increases which increases stability.

answer is A, B.

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Detailed Solution

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When solid sulphur is heated it converts into vapour by absorbing energy to break strong 4 sigma bonds in S8  ring. In S2  molecule a weak  π bond is formed, due to less effective lateral overlap of p  orbitals between bigger sulphur atoms. At room temperature when  S2 molecule converts into S8 rings the 4 weak, π bonds breakup and form strong  sigma bonds liberating energy thus giving stability to  4SS molecule.  OO single bond is weaker due to repulsion between non–bonding electron pairs on small oxygen atoms. But the  π bond is stronger in  O2 due to effective overlap of P-orbitals in O2  because of small size of oxygen atoms. During conversion of  S2  molecules to S8  rings though paramagnetic character decreases  and molecular size increases they have no role in the stability

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