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Q.

Calcium is obtained by the

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a

Roasting of limestone

b

Electrolysis of a solution of calcium chloride in H2O

c

Reduction of calcium chloride with carbon

d

Electrolysis of molten anhydrous calcium chloride

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

CaCO3RoastingCaO+CO2
Heating of chemical substance in presence of "O2" is called roasting.
→Electrolysis of aqueous CaCl2 solution
CaCl2 → Ca+2 + 2Cl-
2H2O → 2H+ + 2OH-
order of reduction potentials of cations : H+ > Ca+2
order of oxidation potentials of anions : Cl- > OH-
At anode : 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e¯
At cathode : 2H+ + 2e-→ H2

Ca+2+2OH- CaOH2

Products : Cl2,H2,Ca(OH)2
As reduction potential of H+ > Ca+2 , therefore H2 is liberated at cathode , but  no deposition of Ca-metal.
4) Electrolysis of Molten anhydrous CaCl2
CaCl2Smelting pointCaCl2lMolten state CaCl2lElectrolysisCa+2+2Cl-

At anode : 2Cl¯ → Cl2(g)↑ + 2e¯
At cathode : Ca+2 + 2e¯ → Ca(s)
Electrolysis of molten CaCl2 gives "Ca" at cathode

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