Can O negative donors give platelets or plasma?

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Detailed Solution

Yes, O negative individuals are highly encouraged to donate all blood components, including platelets and plasma. However, the compatibility rules for these components are different from red blood cells.

Platelet Donations

O negative donors can absolutely donate platelets. Platelets from O- donors are vital for patients, especially those with type O blood. While platelet transfusions are often matched, type O platelets are valuable for type O patients, who make up a large portion of the population.

Plasma Donations

O negative plasma is not the universal plasma type. The "universal" label for O- applies only to red blood cells.

O negative plasma contains anti-A and anti-B antibodies.
Because of these antibodies, O- plasma can only be given to patients with type O blood (O+ or O-).
Giving O- plasma to an A, B, or AB patient would cause their immune system to attack their own red blood cells.

The universal plasma donor is type AB (AB+ or AB-), because their plasma contains neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies, making it safe for all blood types.

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