Catalytic hydrogenation of unsatuared hydrocarbons to get alkanes is known as

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answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

When we take an unsaturated hydrocarbon (like an alkene or alkyne), it has double or triple bonds. If we add hydrogen gas (H₂) to it in the presence of a metal catalyst (such as Ni, Pd, or Pt), those double/triple bonds break and extra hydrogen atoms get added. As a result, the molecule turns into a saturated hydrocarbon (alkane).

Example reaction:

CH₂=CH₂ + H₂ → CH₃–CH₃ (with Ni / Pd / Pt)

Here ethene (C₂H₄) becomes ethane (C₂H₆).

Name of the process: This reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Why it works: The catalyst helps H₂ split into atomic hydrogen, which then adds across the C=C or C≡C bond, saturating the molecule.

Uses: Widely used in petrochemicals and in food industry (partial or full hydrogenation of vegetable oils).

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