Choose the correct form of the verbs:

How fast (you/drive) when the accident (happen)?

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did you drive; has happened

answer is C.

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Option (A), 'you were driving; has happened', is wrong as ‘has happened is that the perfective participle which refers to the actual fact that the accident went on very recently, which is inaccurate since we don't know when the accident happened.
Option (B), ‘have you driven; happened', refers to the perfective participle of both ‘drive’ and ‘happen’.
Therefore, option (B) is wrong as ‘have you driven’ should be ‘were you driving’ since the speed was continuous during the accident.
Option (C), ‘were you driving; happened', is correct since ‘were’ in the past kind of the verb ‘are’. Since the incident happened in the past, it's correct for the speaker to ask what speed he was driving at.
Option (D), ‘did you drive; has happened', is inaccurate as ‘did’ you drive refers to the actual fact that he drove just for a specific time. It doesn’t indicate the speed during the accident.