Cinnamic acid (Ph-CH=CH-COOH) is nitrated preferably at........... and it......... is than nitration of benzene.

Because benzene is an electron-rich species for electrophile reactions, nitration of cinnamic acid yields a mixture of ortho and para nitrocinnamic acids, which slows down the reaction rate with the electrophile. Therefore, benzene nitration proceeds more quickly than cinnamic acid nitration.