Common Pests and Diseases of Rajma and Treatments

Rajma crops are susceptible to several pests and diseases that can significantly reduce yield if not managed properly.

Common Pests

• Aphids: These small insects suck sap from the leaves and tender shoots, causing yellowing and stunting. 
  Treatment: Spraying with insecticidal soap or neem oil can be effective. For severe infestations, chemical insecticides like Imidacloprid are recommended.
• Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera): The larva of this moth bores into the pods and feeds on the developing grains, causing direct yield loss. 
  Treatment: Use of pheromone traps to monitor and trap male moths. Biological control with NPV (Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus) is an option. Chemical control includes spraying with Emamectin Benzoate.
• Whitefly: Sucks sap and, more importantly, acts as a vector for viral diseases like the Bean Common Mosaic Virus. 
  Treatment: Install yellow sticky traps. Spraying Acetamiprid or other systemic insecticides can control the population.

Common Diseases

• Anthracnose: A fungal disease causing dark, sunken spots on leaves, stems, and pods. 
  Treatment: Use certified disease-free seeds. Practice crop rotation. Spray fungicides like Mancozeb or Carbendazim at the first sign of disease.
• Bean Common Mosaic Virus (BCMV): A viral disease transmitted by aphids, causing mosaic-like patterns, leaf curling, and stunted growth. 
  Treatment: There is no cure. Prevention is key: use resistant varieties, control the aphid vectors, and remove infected plants from the field.
• Angular Leaf Spot: A fungal disease characterized by angular, grey or brown lesions on leaves. 
  Treatment: Remove and destroy infected plant debris. Practice crop rotation. Fungicidal sprays containing Copper Oxychloride can be effective.