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Q.

Compare Oxygen Transport in Arteries Versus Veins

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Detailed Solution

The oxygen content of blood differs significantly between arteries and veins due to the direction of blood flow and gas exchange functions. Arteries carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to tissues, while veins return deoxygenated blood from tissues back to the lungs.

Comparison table:

ParameterArteriesVeins
Type of BloodOxygenated (except pulmonary artery)Deoxygenated (except pulmonary vein)
Oxygen ContentHigh (~20 mL O₂ per 100 mL blood)Low (~15 mL O₂ per 100 mL blood)
Carbon Dioxide LevelLowHigh
Hemoglobin StateMainly Oxyhemoglobin (HbO₂)Mainly Reduced Hemoglobin (Hb)
Direction of FlowFrom heart to tissuesFrom tissues to heart

Therefore, arterial blood is bright red due to oxyhemoglobin, whereas venous blood appears dark red due to reduced hemoglobin.

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