Conc. HNO₃ is treated with iron. The metal is passive because

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it liberates laughing gas

it forms protective oxide film

it is reduced

it is a transition metal

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Treating metals (iron, chromium, aluminum, and calcium) with concentrated nitric acid can produce a protective oxide layer over the metal that halts further reactions. So, iron becomes passive when treated with conc. nitric acid.

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