Q.

Consider a uniform spherical charge distribution of radius  R1 centred at the origin O.  In this distribution, a spherical cavity of radius  R2, centred at  P with distance  OP=a=R1R2 (see figure) is made.  If the electric field inside the cavity at position  r is  Er, then the correct statement(s) is (are)

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a

E  is uniform, its magnitude is independent of  R2 but its direction depends on  r

b

E  is uniform, its magnitude depends on  R2 and its direction depends on  r

c

E is uniform, its magnitude is independent of a but its direction depends on a

d

E  is uniform and both its magnitude and direction depend on  a

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

The sphere with cavity can be assumed as a complete sphere with +ve charge, radius  R1 + another complete sphere with –ve charge, radius R2 .

Inside a spherical charge distribution for an internal point E=ρ3ε0r         

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E+E due to total +ve charges                             

EE  due to total ve  charges  

Electric filed at any point inside cavity is given by,

E =E ++E  E=ρ3ε0r1+-ρ3ε0r2=ρ3ε0r1-r2=ρ3ε0a                      

E  is uniform and both its magnitude and direction depend on  a
 

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