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Q.

Consider the following species

I)  

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II)

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III)

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IV) 

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Incorrect statement is

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a

In I, NH2 group shows only – I effect

b

In II, oxygen atom of ether shows only – I effect and thus destabilizes the carbocation

c

In III, – OH group shows both –I and +M effect and thus increases electron density of bezenering

d

In IV,  N+H3 group shows both –I and –M effect and thus deactivates benzene ring from the attack of electrophile

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

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Hint: Group which contains atleast one electronegative atom like F, Cl, O N etc., are acting as –IE groups and exhibits –I effect.

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→ In a molecule when both mesomeric and inductive effevts simultaneously operating then mesomeric effect is predominant than inductive effect.

"OH" group in phenol mainly acts as electron donating group by +ME and hence it increases the electron density in benzene ring.

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NH3 group shows only –I effect but donot exhibits –M effect [due to lack of lonepair on "N"] and decreases the electron density in benzene ring.

attack of electrophile on benzene ring of anilinium ion decreases.

i.e., NH3 deactivates the benzene ring by –I effect towards electrophile.

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Consider the following speciesI)  II)III)IV) Incorrect statement is