Consider the following statements about Melvin Calvin and his contributions to science.
I. Melvin Calvin received his Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Minnesota and later served as a Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley.
II. Post-World War II, Calvin and his colleagues utilized radioactive carbon dioxide (¹⁴C) to study the reactions in green plants forming sugar and other substances from carbon dioxide, water, and minerals.
III. Calvin's work on the electron transfer in pigment molecules and other substances during photosynthesis earned him the Nobel Prize in 1961.
IV. The principles of photosynthesis established by Calvin are currently being applied in renewable energy research and studies on solar energy.
Which of these statements is correct?

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I, II, and III only

I, II, III only

I, III, and IV only

I, II, III and IV

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Melvin Calvin received his Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Minnesota and later served as a Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. One of the key findings of Calvin's experiments was the discovery of the three-carbon compound 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) as an early product of carbon fixation. Calvin's work on the electron transfer in pigment molecules and other substances during photosynthesis earned him the Nobel Prize in 1961. The principles of photosynthesis established by Calvin are currently being applied in renewable energy research and studies on solar energy.

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