Consider the following statements.
I. Many xerophytic plants have thick cuticle on leaf epidermis and sunken stomata.
II. Some xerophytic plants have special photosynthetic pathway (CAM) that enables their stomata close during day.
III. Opuntia has spines (modified leaves), photosynthetic phylloclade (stem).
IV. An animal can adapt to a totally new environment by acclimatising itself to its surrounding.
V. All adaptations are genetically not fixed.
Choose the option containing correct statements.

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I, II, III and IV

I, II, III, IV and V

II, III, IV and V

I, III, IV and V

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Many desert plants have a thick cuticle on their leaf surfaces and have their stomata arranged in deep pits (sunken) to minimise water loss through transpiration. They also have a special photosynthetic pathway (CAM) that enables their stomata to remain closed during day time. Some desert plants like Opuntia, have no leaves – they are reduced to spines– and the photosynthetic function is taken over by the flattened stems.

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