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Q.

Consider two satellites A and B of equal mass m, moving in same circular orbit about earth, but in opposite sense as shown in figure. The orbital radius is r. The satellites undergo a collision which is perfectly inelastic. From this situation, mark out the correct statement(s). [Take mass of earth as M, Neglect gravitational interaction between the planets]

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a

The total energy of the two satellites plus earth system just before collision is GMmr

b

The total energy of the two satellites plus earth system just before collision is 2GMmr

c

The total energy of two satellites plus earth system just after collision is GMmr

d

The combined mass (two satellites) will fall towards the earth just after collision

answer is A, D.

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Detailed Solution

Just before collision, the total energy of two satellites is,

E=GMm2rGMm2rGMmr

Let orbital velocity is v1 then from momentum conservation.

mvmv=2m×v1v1=0             

As velocity of combined mass just after collision is zero, the combined mass will fall rowards earth. At this instant, the total energy of the system only consist of the gravitational potential energy given by 

U=GM×2m2r

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