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Q.

Consider two skaters A and B initially at rest on ice (friction is negligible) with A holding
a ball. A has greater mass than B and the ball has some significant mass. A throws the ball to B. B catches
it and throws it back to A who catches it again. The magnitudes of the skaters' (excluding ball) final
velocities, momentum and kinetic energies (denoted below as v, p and K respectively) are related as

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a

vA= vB

b

pA < pB , KA < KB

c

vA < vB , pA < pB

d

pA  = pB  , KA < KB

answer is B, D.

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Detailed Solution

Let mass of ball m.

When A throws the ball momentum of A

PA = mv1 (left)

v1 is velocity of ball in ground frame.

When B gather and throws the ball is air with velocity v2

PBall=m(v1+v2)  (left)  PB = m(v1+v2) (right) = PB

Final moments of A + ball

=PA+mv2(left) = mv1+mv2

(Only momentum of APA<mv1+mv2 = PB vA =PAmA and vB =PBmB

Since, 

mA>mB vA<vB KA=P2A2mA , KB=P2B2mB KA<KB

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