Correct statement (s) regarding electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions on benzene is/are

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For nitration, formation of $σ -$ complex is rate controlling step.

For nitration, rate of reaction with $C_{6} H_{6}$ and $C_{6} D_{6}$ are nearly same.

If deprotonation of arenium ion intermediate is the rate controlling step, it will show primary kinetic isotopic effect.

Sulphonation shows primary kinetic isotopic effect $(\frac{k_{H}}{k_{D}} > 1)$

answer is A, B, C, D.

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Detailed Solution

Primary kinetic isotopic effect is observed in sulphonation of benzene, not in nitration.

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