Deficiency of iodine in our diet results in

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acromegaly

Graves’ disease

exophthalmic goitre

simple goitre

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Iodine deficiency leads to simple goitre due to the thyroid gland's inability to produce sufficient thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism and growth. Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3), crucial for maintaining metabolic rate and growth. Without enough iodine, the thyroid gland enlarges in an attempt to trap more iodine, resulting in the formation of a simple goitre, characterised by a visible swelling in the neck.

Graves's disease characterised by exophthalmic goitre is due to hyperthyroidism. Acromegaly is due to the hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults.

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