Define anhydrous substance by giving examples

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Detailed Solution

An anhydrous substance is a substance that does not contain water. In chemistry, anhydrous compounds are those from which all water molecules have been removed.

Many chemical compounds can exist in hydrated and anhydrous forms. The hydrated form contains water molecules bound within the compound. When water is removed by heating or chemical reaction, the substance becomes anhydrous.

Examples of Anhydrous Substances

Anhydrous Copper Sulphate (CuSO₄): White powder formed when blue hydrated copper sulphate loses its water of crystallization.
Anhydrous Calcium Chloride (CaCl₂): Used as a drying agent to absorb moisture from air.
Anhydrous Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃): Known as soda ash, used in glass-making.

Applications