Define Boiling Point of a Substance. What Is the Boiling Point of Water?

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Detailed Solution

The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which its liquid form changes into vapor. The boiling point of water is 100°C (373 K) at normal atmospheric pressure.

When a liquid is heated, its molecules move faster and gain energy. At a certain temperature, the vapor pressure of the liquid becomes equal to the external atmospheric pressure, and the liquid starts to boil. This temperature is called the boiling point.

Key Factors Affecting Boiling Point

Pressure: At higher altitudes, boiling point decreases because atmospheric pressure is lower.
Impurities: Adding salt or sugar increases the boiling point (boiling point elevation).
Nature of liquid: Different liquids have different boiling points depending on molecular strength.

Examples