Irrigation is the process of supplying water to crops at regular intervals through artificial means like canals, wells, pumps, and sprinklers.Since rainfall is often irregular, farmers use irrigation to provide the right amount of water for crop growth. It helps improve food production and ensures crop survival during dry periods.Types of IrrigationSurface Irrigation: Water flows on the surface of the soil through canals or furrows.Sprinkler Irrigation: Water is sprayed like rain using sprinklers.Drip Irrigation: Water drips directly to the root zone of plants, saving water.Lift Irrigation: Pumps lift water from wells, rivers, or reservoirs to fields.Importance of IrrigationEnsures crop growth during dry spells.Increases agricultural productivity.Helps in growing multiple crops in a year.Improves quality of crops and soil fertility.ExamplesMethodWhere UsedDrip irrigationFruit orchards, vineyardsSprinkler irrigationWheat, pulses, lawnsCanal irrigationLarge agricultural fields

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Define irrigation

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Detailed Solution

Irrigation is the process of supplying water to crops at regular intervals through artificial means like canals, wells, pumps, and sprinklers.

Since rainfall is often irregular, farmers use irrigation to provide the right amount of water for crop growth. It helps improve food production and ensures crop survival during dry periods.

Types of Irrigation

Surface Irrigation: Water flows on the surface of the soil through canals or furrows.
Sprinkler Irrigation: Water is sprayed like rain using sprinklers.
Drip Irrigation: Water drips directly to the root zone of plants, saving water.
Lift Irrigation: Pumps lift water from wells, rivers, or reservoirs to fields.

Importance of Irrigation