Define semiconductor diode and give some examples of it

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Detailed Solution

A semiconductor diode is an electronic component that allows current to flow in only one direction.

It is made by joining two types of semiconductor materials — p-type and n-type. This junction is called a p-n junction. The diode conducts electricity when forward biased (positive voltage to p-side) and blocks current when reverse biased.

Symbol and Function

The arrow in the diode symbol shows the direction of conventional current.
Used for rectification — converting AC (alternating current) to DC (direct current).

Examples of Semiconductor Diodes

Type	Example	Use
General-purpose diode	1N4007	Rectification in power circuits
Zener diode	1N4733	Voltage regulation
LED (Light Emitting Diode)	LED lights	Illumination
Photodiode	BPW34	Light sensing