Define sucrose

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Detailed Solution

Sucrose is a common sugar made up of one glucose molecule and one fructose molecule linked together by a glycosidic bond.

Chemical Information

Chemical formula: C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
Type: Disaccharide (a carbohydrate made of two monosaccharides)
Bond: Glucose + Fructose linked by α(1→2) glycosidic bond

Occurrence

Sucrose is naturally found in sugarcane, sugar beet, fruits, and some vegetables. It is extracted, refined, and used as table sugar in homes and industries.

Properties

Sweet, colorless, crystalline solid.
Soluble in water.
Non-reducing sugar (does not react with Benedict’s solution).

Uses

Used as a sweetener in food and beverages.
Used in making candies, jams, and bakery items.
Used in fermentation to produce ethanol.

Hydrolysis

When sucrose reacts with water in the presence of acid or enzyme invertase, it breaks down into glucose and fructose. This mixture is known as invert sugar.

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