Define the terms momentum and impulse state and explain the laws of conservation of linear momentum. Give its examples ?

Momentum: The product of mass and velocity is called "Momentum". P = m × v
Impulse: The product of force and time that produce finite change in momentum is called “Impulse” (or) change in momentum of a body is called “Impulse” I = $∆$P
Impulse SI-units : newton-sec
Laws of conservation of linear momentum
It states that "the total momentum of an isolated system of interacting particles remains constant if there is no resultant external force acting on it".
Ex: If a shell of mass m at rest breaks into two pieces of masses m₁ and m₂ moving with velocities v₁and v₂ then the final momentum of the two pieces, m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ must be equal to the initial momentum of the shell which is equal to zero.
($\because$Initial momentum of the system is zero)
$\therefore$ ${\mathrm{m}}_1\overline{{\mathrm{v}}_1}+{\mathrm{m}}_2\overline{{\mathrm{v}}_2}=0$

${\mathrm{m}}_2\overline{{\mathrm{v}}_2}=-{\mathrm{m}}_1\overline{{\mathrm{v}}_1}$