Describe the main types of forests and where they occur?

Forests are mainly divided into three types based on their climate and location - tropical, temperate, and boreal forests.

Tropical forests are found near the equator in countries like Brazil, Indonesia, India, and the Congo Basin. They receive heavy rainfall throughout the year and have dense green vegetation. These forests are home to the greatest variety of plants and animals, including tigers, monkeys, and colorful birds.

Temperate forests are found in regions with mild temperatures, such as North America, Europe, and parts of East Asia. They have four distinct seasons — spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Trees like oak, maple, and pine are common here, and many animals hibernate during the cold season.

Boreal forests (also called taiga) are located in the northernmost parts of the world, including Canada, Russia, and Scandinavia. These forests experience long, cold winters and short summers. They are mostly made up of evergreen trees like spruce and fir.

Each forest type plays a crucial role in balancing Earth’s climate and supporting biodiversity. From tropical rainforests that produce oxygen to boreal forests that store carbon, every forest type is essential for maintaining the planet’s health and stability.