Diabetes insipidus is due to

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hypersecretion of insulin

hyposecretion of insulin

hypersecretion of ADH

hyposecretion of ADH

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Diabetes insipidus is due to hyposecretion (underproduction) of vasopressin (also known as antidiuretic hormone or ADH).

There are two main types of diabetes insipidus:

Central diabetes insipidus: This type is the result of insufficient production or release of vasopressin from the pituitary gland in the brain. The pituitary gland may be damaged or not functioning properly, leading to decreased ADH secretion.
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: This type occurs when the kidneys are resistant to the effects of vasopressin. The pituitary gland may produce a normal amount of ADH, but the kidneys do not respond to it appropriately, leading to reduced water reabsorption and increased urine output.

In both types of diabetes insipidus, the body struggles to regulate water balance, leading to excessive thirst (polydipsia) and large volumes of diluted urine (polyuria).

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