Distinguish between series and parallel circuits with the help of diagrams.

 

In a series circuit, components are connected end to end, so there is only one path for current to flow. If one component fails, the whole circuit stops working. Example: old decorative lights.

In a parallel circuit, components are connected across common points, providing multiple paths for current. If one component fails, others keep working. Example: household wiring systems.

Series: Bulb → Bulb → Bulb → Battery

Parallel: Battery connected to multiple branches, each with a bulb.

Parallel circuits are more practical in daily life as they allow independent operation of devices.