Distinguish between transverse and longitudinal waves.

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Detailed Solution

Aspect	Transverse Waves	Longitudinal Waves
Direction of Vibration	Particles vibrate perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.	Particles vibrate parallel to the direction of wave propagation.
Example	Light waves, water waves, and waves on a string.	Sound waves, seismic P-waves.
Medium Requirements	Can propagate through solids and on the surface of liquids.	Require a medium (solid, liquid, or gas) for propagation.
Wave Components	Composed of crests and troughs.	Composed of compressions and rarefactions.
Visualization	Ripples on water represent transverse waves.	Sound traveling through air is an example of longitudinal waves.

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